When I got into photography, I learned a lot by reading (this was before YouTube was so prevalent). Of course, I didn't really pay attention to the too technical side of photography. As I was reading on Gizmodo, they have an excellent article providing this video about f-stops.
At the end, he has a pretty cool way of remember the f-stops: 1, 1.4, 2, 2.8, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22, 32... etc
This is important because each step doubles the amount of light that enters into your camera's sensor.
For example, keeping focal length, exposure, and ISO constant, if it takes 1/60 second shutter speed to take a picture at f/2.8, then at f/2 it can be taken at 1/120 shutter speed, as well as at f/4 it would be 1/30.
I liked the video so much, I looked found another from the author, Dylan Bennett.
Depth of field is something people also have a lot of questions about. Everyone loves great bokeh (circles!) and blurry background when taking focused subject photos.
Of course, it's not always the best to just put it on the lowest f/stop and take pictures. You need to learn how these f/stops affect your photos and avoid common mistakes such as unfocused subjects, over/under exposure, soft images, and even camera shake.
-Mark
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